Life in Madinah 1st year of 11 notes for O-level Islamiat

AN OLD PICTURE OF MADINAH

When the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) migrated from Makkah to Madinah (Yathrib), some events occurred in Madinah.
Mosque of The Prophet

The first important thing Holy Prophet did was to build a mosque. It was not just a mosque, it was also a political and a military HQ. IT soon also became an institute of learning and were discussions and seminars were held, also were Muslims learnt and practised discipline, unity and brotherhood.
       The land of the mosque was bought from two orphans. The construction was done by Holy Prophet himself and his companions.
        The walls of the mosque was made by unbaked bricks, roof was made by mud and Palm tree leaves and the pillars of the mosque was made from the trunks of Palm trees.  There was a large platform with a trenched roof on the corner of the mosque, named Suffah. Suffah was a shelter for poor also a training center.
Azan

To call the believers for Namaz, there should be a way to call them, so the system of Azan was introduced by Hazrat Ali (R.A). Hazrat Bilal (R.A) was appointed Muezzin.
Settlement of Muhajirin

The Muslims were divided into two categories, the immigrants were called Muhajirin and those who had belonged to Madinah were called Ansar.
       Holy Prophet entrenched brotherhood between two groups. The ansar took muhajirin to their homes, treated them with hospitality and shared all their possession with  them.
        Both groups were united and bond with brotherhood, even the enmity between the two tribes of Madinah, Aus and Khazraj was forgotten
Treaty with The Jews
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There were three main tribes of Jews: Banu Qainuqa, Banu Nazir and Banu Quraiza. They settled in the suburbs of Madinah in their own strong fortress.
        The Prophet realised that, to strong the Islamic Empire all tribes of Madinah should work together. The Holy Prophet called all Muslims and Jews together. He invited them to consider the possibility of co-operating  with each other so the security of Madinah would be secured. After the exchange of views and agreement which granted equal rights to both Muslims and Jews. It stated that the Muslims and the Jews were allies and would help each other. If Madinah is attacked, both Muslims and Jews will protect it.
        This treaty is a landmark in the history of mankind. because of this treaty Madinah was
saved, also Muslims and  Jews lived in peaceful and friendly environment. The Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H)  was declared as the leader and head of the state of Madinah.
Hypocrites
After migration some people accepted Islam but some did not, because they did not liked the success of Islam and Prophet. They are known as Hypocrites or Munafiqin.
        They only appeared Muslims but deep inside their heart they did not believe. Their hearts were full of hatred and were trying their best to harm the Holy Prophet and his companions. They were more dangerous than the unbelievers because they were living with the Muslims and knew all the secrets of them.
        Before the Prophet Abdullah Bin Ubbay was going to be the king of Madinah, but when Prophet migrated he was crowned and became the king of Madinah.Abdullah tried his best to hurt the Muslims by waging the chiefs of Makkah to war against the Muslims, in the battle of Uhad he withdrew with 300 of his men and almost broke the strength of Muslims. After the battle of Trench, he was in secret contact with the Jews who were thrown out of Madinah, to inform them about the movement of the Muslims
.        Abdullah built a mosque out side Madinah, to plan against the Muslims. The mosque was burnt down by the order of Holy Prophet.
        Soon after some year Abdullah felt sick and died.